Mangroves support and enhance fisheries by serving as a breeding ground and nursery habitat for marine life. The mangrove-fishery link has been well established in the ecological literature. This paper, however, employs an economic analysis to examine the role of mangroves in increasing marine fish output in India. In particular, the effectiveness of mangroves in increasing marine fish production is analysed using secondary data on marine fish production and fishing inputs. The results based on econometric analysis indicate that mangroves contribute significantly to the enhancement of fish production in the coastal states of India. Further, the paper also analyses the contribution of mangroves to commercial marine fisheries output in India and the same is estimated to be in the range of 23 - 34 percent, which in economic terms is valued between Rs. 1.46 - 2.15 lakhs per hectare in 2012-13 prices. The relative contribution of mangroves to total fish catch estimated in the Indian context is comparable to that estimated in other countries.